
A team of UC-Riverside researchers have determined that the age of the last snowball earth, when ice extended from the poles all the way into the equator, was ended by a massive release of methane gas, which spurred global climate change between 4 and 8 degrees.
The researchers believe that clathrates, sheets of methane ice contained in the permafrost, were allowed to melt and degas all at once, creating a situation where a stable system was suddenly transformed with little warning: “Our findings document an abrupt and catastrophic means of global warming that abruptly led from a very cold, seemingly stable climate state to a very warm also stable climate state with no pause in between,” said Martin Kennedy, who led the team, and is a professor of research geology.
What’s Keeping This From Happening Now?
We’re not entirely sure. It’s probably good news that there is simply less sequestered methane on the planet now than there was 635 Million years ago. We’re doing well in some part simply because the clathrates no longer extend to the equator. The other answer, is that we don’t know that this won’t happen tomorrow. Certainly that’s a bit of a sensationalist reaction, but our current carbon-based warming is putting an immense pressure on the ice strata above the clathrates, and just may lead to their melting/degassing. As our prehistoric example shows, there are two speeds to this mechanism: on and off. In between, it acts with little or no warning, and cranks the heat up on the planet in an irrevocable manner–we could gain tens of degrees in the blink of an eye.
So What Happens Next?
According to Kenendy, we’re conducting sort of a grand experiment at the moment–seeing just how far the climate can be pushed without reverting to an entirely new state. This has happened several times before, and been preserved in the geologic record, he claims, which means that we can count on, after a certain point is reached, the planet basically stating that there’s been a point of no return crossed, and that it’s going to find a new comfort level.
More Reading:
Methane Release Could Cause Abrupt Climate Change (Science Daily)
Snowball Earth
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